International management - Ethics - Moral relativism vs moral Essay

internationalist management - Ethics - Moral relativism vs moral universalism - Essay ExampleThis analysis starts with a brief translation of the debate between moral relativism and moral universalism. The second section presents an analysis of the case, which is Google in China, in legal injury of its connection to the ethics debate. Particularly, the analysis tries to determine whether Chinas Internet censorship approach is universalist or relativistic, and, more importantly, whether Googles response to the impenetrability of Chinas culture and ideals reflects a universalistic or relativistic model of morality. Overview of the Moral Relativism and Moral Universalism Debate Moral relativism is the view that moral standards argon particular or limpid to culture and personal judgments. It argues that a universal moral standard does not exist. On the other hand, moral universalism argues that morality is valid universally, irrespective of gender, race, religion, culture, nationali ty, or other unique attributes in the debate, Universalists claim that morality give way been concretely delineated in different international agreements and declarations whereas relativists relate to distinct heathen viewpoints (McDonald, 2010). The various morality theories are generated by various view of morality. These theories yield built divisions and barriers in human society. The influence of these moral views on peoples lives is considerable. It affects the moral attitude and behavior of individuals. Hence, on that point are dilemmas of ethical conflicts and double moral standards. Individuals are not certain of the form of morality they should set to, either moral universalism or moral relativism. This predicament is continuously experienced by Google in their carrying into action in China. Moral relativism, in duty, usually becomes traditional morality and unethical decisions are usually defended on the theory of commonly accepted practice (McDonald, 2010, 451). A number of scholars in international business have been distrustful of circumstances where moral relativism has been employed as a kind of moral sanctuary (McDonald, 2010, 451). For instance, companies may have carried out a decision which generally would be viewed as unethical but have asserted that the decision is ethical, or reasonable, since it falls within a particular cluster of moral norms promoted by the society where in they are in service. In reaction to this argument, which basically reinforces the arguments that deeds are ladder-proof to common moral standards because they originate from a particular set of standards or codes that surpass general norms, Roberts (1986 as cited in McDonald, 2010) has argued that, because of the intricacies of international business, there is a certain extent of excuse for companies demanding immunity from moral chew out by sheltering behind premises of moral relativism, particularly because of their need to make room for diverse cultura l situations. Unsurprisingly, this argument is controversial. It may be appealing to refuse to believe that there are universal principles that cigarette provide direction to those whose trade has to be carried out on a global arena. Maybe, multinational business firms should recognize and applaud relativism as a principle and proclaim itself in support of an ethic of withdraw that is situational, domestic, and local. The strength of relativism in international

Adolescent Literature Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Adolescent Literature - Essay simulationHowever, since the mid 19th century, girlish literary productions has come under sharp criticism where the critics are apothegm that the adolescent lit is using sex, violence, romance, melodrama and conflicts to attract more attention and hence are creating a sturdy picture of emotional state in front of the adolescents. Trites has quoted Perry Nodelman, a critic of adolescent literature, when he describes the sources in the adolescent fiction as people who live ordinary lives, but see them in terms of melodrama (Trites 1985. p.3). However, allow us understand that sex, violence, romance and power issues are part of life and the aim of the adolescent literature is to help children grow and understand the life as it is and not make false promises. Hence, when adolescent literature uses fantasy characters, melodrama, superheroes, kings, queens, fairies and demons in their stories, they are doing nothing but helping the children grow and l earn everything about life through the world they understand the best, and that is the fantasy world.People think that the children should be introduced to something different from the life in the adolescent literature. Parents say that children have seen enough of violence, hatred and anger in their real lines and hence they fatiguet want their children to read the same things again in the books (Weiner and Stein 1985. p.6). However, the fact remains that withal if the fantasy characters enter the fantasy world, the issues remain the same as they are in the real world. at that place is a good and the bad side of life and there are situations in the stories a where the character is made to take a stance. Because

Diploma in Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Diploma in counseling - Essay ExampleA pick up system is necessary in an organisation in which activities of certain(p) departments, divisions and sections needs to be coordinated and controlled. Most control systems are past-action-oriented and consequently are inefficient or fail. For example, there is little an employee can do today to correct the results of actions completed two weeks ago. Steering controls, on the other hand, are future-oriented and allow ad preciselyments to be do to get back on course onward the control period ends. They therefore establish a more motivating climate for the employee.Although many standards or controls are simply estimates of what should occur if certain assumptions are correct, they take on a precision in todays control system that leaves little or no margin for error.Managers would be better off establishing a range rather than a precise number and changing standards as time passes and assumptions prove erroneous. This would be fairer and would positively motivate employees. There are three fundamental beliefs primal most successful control systems. practical(prenominal) organisations are small, core organisations that out source major business functions. In geomorphologic terminusinuss, the practical(prenominal) organisation is highly centralised with little or no departmentalization. The example of a realistic social system is todays movie making organisations. ... This would be fairer and would positively motivate employees. There are three fundamental beliefs underlying most successful control systems.First, planning and control are the two most closely interrelated management functions. Second, the human side of the control process needs to be stressed as practically as, if not more than, the tasks or numbers crunching side.Finally, evaluating, coaching, and rewarding are more effective in the long term than measuring, comparing, and pressuring or penalizing.Management Control in a virtual incorporate o rganisation vs. vertical organisation.Virtual OrganisationVirtual organisations are small, core organisations that out source major business functions. In structural terms, the virtual organisation is highly centralised with little or no departmentalization. The example of a virtual structure is todays movie making organisations. In Hollywoods golden era, movies were made by huge vertically structured organisations. Companies such as MGM, Warner Brothers and 20th Century Fox owned large movie areas and employed thousands of respectable time specialists like set designers, camera people, film editors, directors and even actors. Nowadays most movies are made by a collection of individuals and small companies who come together and make films project by project. This structural form allows each project to be staffed with the talent most suited to its demands, rather than having to choose just from those people the studio has employed. It minimizes bureaucratic overhead since there is n o lasting organisation to maintain. And it lessens long term risk and their costs because there is no long

The Meaning Of Art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Meaning Of Art - Essay ExampleThe recreate of art is geared towards filling a gap in the market. For example, those that are unable to afford the expensive diamond heap opt to have plastic artistic works. The aesthetic is also very essential in move an artist Mary Heilmann, points out to color and aesthetics as the major inspirations to her work. Artists also find it beguile and derive a lot of inspiration from doing their work in a different way this is fit in to Heilmann2. The importance of art was another aspect addressed in the readings. In the reading, why is art important? Both the video as well as the drawing provided much insight on the aroma of developing an artistic work. According to Doris Salcedo, art brings history alive and makes generations to have a connection. He draw his work of art as a connection between people of different ages since such could tardily be forgotten. Art does not only provide the remembrance of the artist but also the events or situa tions depicted in the artistic work. In addition, it is apparent from Salcedo that art brings forth aspect that provides a honey oil platform to the society. It is also clear that art plays a percentage in attempting to address experiences of people3. According to the illusion by Jeff Koons, art presents some power that is accompanied some form of incorrupt authority. Some of the moral aspects of artwork include good ethics and encouraging spirituality4. In this regard, art work plays a role of informing the public on best practices and morality. Another Art21 reading under focus is, What makes something a work of art? Over time creativity has created a diversification in the work of art, in the innovational context the work of art takes a broad perspective. Some artistic work is supposed to be a creative component that should not always be predictable by the people that go out it.

Trending curation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Trending curation - demonstrate ExampleJust like in tweeter, where we have tweets as message sent by multitude, crepuscles in pinterest are share characterisations that people can pin on customized boards. Users have freedom to customize their admit boards with their preferred categories such as car models, funny photos, or amazing architects just to name a few. The article titled, a guide to the new and fun favorable media for the starters http//mashable.com/2011/12/26/pinterest-beginners-guide/ explain how Pinterest works. Snapchat condescension of being around for a year has gained much popularity among the young people where they talk of snapchatting each other. By the end of last year, Snapchat was rated number three among the around popular sites in Itunes free app. Snapchat offers an exciting and interest way to share images with relatives and friends. The unique feature in snapchat is that the drug drug user has the control the amount of time the image can be view ed before it is removed automatic every(prenominal)y. The article on this link http//infospace.ischool.syr.edu/2012/11/29/what-is-snapchat/ topper explains how snapchat operates. Do you think photo communication or social wordless have changed the way we go through and how? Taking and sharing photos have greatly changed how we used to communicate, for instance, if a soulfulness text you wanting to have sex where you are, one can take a snapchat and share with the person, the photo provide explain in critical where you are without additional details. In addition, some people have are shy to talk to people face to face , but social media allows these person to share their moments or thoughts through a transparent photo. For instance, one can share a moment of his first-born child across the whole world, where people will congratulation and like the photos of the child electronically (Petrescu 1). How do these social networks ensure that the privacy of individuals is safeguarded? A person can only view your pinterest if invited which is very similar to following in twitter. One is required to indicate to receive invites or invite the person you know to see your pins. Pinning is a simple growth that involves using a pin it button, easily drag and place the pin on the browser extension, visit to the photo or image you find exciting and select it, then finally place the pin to the appropriate board with a descriptive text, and the pin is shared. Pins can also be shared via other sites such as Facebook and twitter in order to gain more audience across all networks. In snapchat, the image or photo shared can only be available to a friend for a time ranging from one to ten seconds. Photo captions using snapchat is very easy since it requires the user to tap on the screen or create a doodle. Photo created can be shared with one person or a group a group of persons. Snapchat automatically creates a crush friend alternative by identifying the persons you have sh ared most photos (Petrescu 1). Which do you think are the most common features of photo communicating sites such as instagram and snapchat? Sharing of photos is the main feature of wordless social, where the user can take photos within the customized app or share the already taken photos via the phone camera. All these social sites allow people to share photos to each other such as Facebook, tumbr, and twitter. Photo manipulation is a feature that allows users to modify their photos to their liking, one can add names and funny texts on the photo to use up it exciting. Instagram, snapchat, and

Violation of Patient Consent Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Violation of Patient Consent - Essay precedentThough the meeting at the doctors office was held in dispute being the floor of divergence from the two statements, the hearing managed to establish that at least both the doctor and the patient accurately identified each other due to recollected encounters at the hospitals ER.Apparently, the violation indicated that no leave to examine was given to the defendant by the plaintiff such that factual details of results may not be divulged to the third party company or employer of the patient unless her full consent was granted. To help assuage the issue, it was found that a form from the side of the third party had been signed by the patient actor and it particularly reflected that she understood her medical exam cross-file would form part of the companys permanent record of her employment (Can. Fam. Physician, 790). Her decision to have done so by signing was taken into account as a proper authorization and as an additional relief t o the direction of the case, the doctor presented evidence wherein the medical documents handed over to the employer merely consisted of the information on the normal x-ray which the patient herself supplied the physician with. Moreover, the support party proved innocence toward the alleged breach of confidentiality by showing the court an available card which manifested the patients written compliance to be examined by the physician. A portion of the defendants query about indigestion was responded to with not now by the plaintiff and this served another indispensable trial impression of the event of their conference within the doctors premise (Can. Fam. Physician).The judge, accordingly, recognized that there emerged a type of action when the plaintiff conveyed upset feelings on the basis of her misguided understanding of the breach of trust which she hazard to have occurred between her and the defendant.

Palliative care, on communication at the end of life Assignment

mitigatory care, on communication at the end of life - Assignment Examplee family case, and in put down consistently the remaining days or hours of the patients as well as the responses of its family in these critical hours.1. Preparing for a family meeting -- This refer to the inevitable requirements to be done by the care conferrer to set distract measure to communicate to the patients family. This stage may include formal or idle manner of putting across the message about the imperative of devoting fiduciary time together in order to prepare them psychologically and emotionally the possible termination of life. The nurse or care giver must ready all desired information available relating to the patient condition the necessary or expected responses of the family the need medicines and the desired emotional acceptance of patients family members to an impending unchangeable fate.2. Conducting a family meeting this refer to the actual meeting of the medical professional and nurs es with the family to discuss empirically the condition of the patient. This is a sober condition where medical practitioners would persuasively convey to the family the patients state and the impending terminus ad quem of its life toward potential termination.This meeting should be conducted in confidentially, cordial but often straightforward, and delivered with certain direct of empathy. Attending physician will be illustrating to the family that all medical care has been exhausted for the patient and that the necessary support care needed to remove potential hindrances that may impinge the optimal transference of validating strategies from health care professionals to family who are recipient of palliative care.The meeting will likewise discuss the needed supportive care and plan for the next step intervention that are relevant and imperative to pretend palliative care effective for the dying. This is the most difficult part because the practitioner is called to balance ones values in decision-making, these being the cornerstone,

Case study -- managing the performance of individuals

-- managing the performance of mortals - Case Study ExampleThis model presumes that human behavior is rational, and so driven by the best information available at the time and designed to maximize individual interest (Pheffer 1998). Expected financial return motivates tidy sum to accept jobs and exert the level of effort that they atomic number 18 willing to spend on those jobs. If they know an fillip is waiting after a job sanitary done, then theyll be more encouraged to work. The act of boastful inspires people to do more than anticipate of them. Transaction-cost theory identifies transactions organized by markets and hierarchies. It contains the notion that people not only seek self-interest but do the job with opportunism (Meschandreas 1997). If they know that they be monitored by their superiors, then they exert more effort in doing so because recognition or even a possible promotion or other advantageous opportunities are in the offing after a commendable performanc e. Good examples are what happened in companies such as IT Lab Ltd., Peppermint PR, Metaswitch, Bravissimo and Madgex. Simple tokens or little gifts like chocolates, cups of tea, bottles of wine, vouchers for meal out, manicures at posh beauty salons, jars of sweets or even a simple thank you note (employeebenefits 2010) tarry an employee who had exerted an extra effort in doing a difficult project. These simple little gifts excite the employees because of the rationale shadower it. Receiving these small tokens mean recognition and appreciation for a job well done. 2. The article has only a limited number of criticisms on the trivial (gift) token as a vantage strategy. With reference to theories of reward strategies expand the discussion of potential problems with this form of reward. Justify your answer with examples from the case study. Though it appears to some companies that giving small token of appreciation to employees is effective because it keeps the employees morale hi gh through recognition and reward, still, it is not relevant to all companies at all times. In fact, it has a downside. As Pheffer puts it in her Six dangerous myths rough pay, this practice has been shown to undermine teamwork, encourage employees focus on the short term and lead people to link compensation to political skills and ingratiating personalities rather than to performance (Pheffer 1998). Consulting firm, William M. Mercer says most performance-based pay plans absorb full-size amounts of management time and resources and they make everyone unhappy. If the employees are motivated of the small tokens then the motivation was influenced by extrinsic factor. Extrinsic factor (rewards) has an immediate and powerful effect but wont inevitably last long (Armstrong 2009 ). Saying thank you and giving small tokens are good motivational practices but the employers should exercise extra caution in doing so because other employees who do not receive a gift may feel left-out or fe el theres an ongoing inequity and favouritism. Also, it is wise(p) for the company to be specific in giving presents to avoid tax issues and hurting the budget. They should also find that rewards should be given infrequently and on schedule to perk the excitement of the employees. Theres also a possibility that the employer overlook someones hard work and commitment to the company. If this happens, the little incentive will do more harm than good because it might create grudges between employees. Like

Anything Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Anything - Essay ExampleThe government dejection do so by providing effective legal mechanisms for the citizens who are willing to seek just compensation for the belongings rights owned by them. There are property rights in the alternatives among all the legal asset rehearses as well as on the freedom from the politically imposed constraints n the asset usage. Rights are functional in the alternative among the legal ways of income generation and besides on the capability to hold top the income generated by the users of the assets. Rights are accrued in excluding all third party usage of assets which earth-closet use it for their benefits, the freedom exist on the holder to sell the owned asset to the highest bidder or the owner weed also move into some(a) agreement and legally transfer the rights to the bidder. Types of Intellectual Property Rights In elective societies there are few problems between the coercive and the pre-emptive powers of the state and individual rights and freedom. Democracy lacks the potential to harbor the rights as democratically protected governments can make some changes that may lead to deprivation for some rights to the minority of the society. There is no simple match between the allocation of the property rights and the ownership concept. ... procure refers to legal protection of an original work. It is given by governments to the creator of an original work if the creator applies for procure for publishing original work to the public. Generally, copyright is given for a limited time. The owner of the asset can apply for copyright so that the other users cannot replicate the invention. In case of the music industry the musicians can apply for copyright for the original content so that the other musicians cannot use the content in whatsoever other means. By holding the copyright the owner of the asset can use it for personal benefit. It is also a form of securing intellectual property like patent and trademark and appl icable for any utterable for of real idea or information. The original work or invention might be ingrained or descriptive like unique de fool of a show. Trademark is a distinctive sign which represents legal registration factor of a result or a service. Trademark is generally utilize by businesses and it also can be used by any individual. This used by businesses for ensuring customers that the product is comes from a unique source to a specific market. Trade mark is a pre registration floor of a product or service. Therefore, the owner of a trademark can sue legal minutes for any kind of trademark infringement activity. The company can initially use trademark (TM) symbolisation to promote the brand before final registration of the product. Registration of a product especially for acquire license to use R sign requires quite long time. Therefore, the company should trademark the brand or product to promote in the market and also to receive trust from target customers about the tint authenticity of the product. Legal

Module 4 DQ 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Module 4 DQ 2 - Essay causeThe hypothesis of the research published buy Gilmour et al. (2004) is that many children who are identified with conduct disorder genuinely have a primary deficit in pragmatic language skills, of a quality and stagecoach that is similar to children on the autistic spectrum.The research published by Gilmour et al (2004) employed survey technique. In particular, the research surveyed 142 children referred for investigation. Analysis involved comparison of the communicative abilities of the sample with those of children with autistic spectrum.In summarization of the results, the researchers self-collected the views of parents and teachers, who rated majority children with conduct disorder as having pragmatic language problems and behaviors close to those with autism. For purposes of reliability, the researchers further surveyed 54 children from socioeconomically underprivileged part of London, and found majority with comparable

Statistics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 9

Statistics - Essay ExampleTherefore, this paper presents degree centigrade dioxide entropy and a presentation of its swerve over the familys. In addition, the paper presents data on unemployment and menage prices and their family in United Kingdom over the years.The above chart represents an upward trend in carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere. The horizontal axis represents the years from 1991 to 2011 whereas the upright axis represents the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere. feel at the data, the mean of CO2 is increasing from year to year thus creating an upward trend. This world a period of industrial revolution, this rise is associated with the heavy or rather increasing human and industrial activities across the globe. A snapshot of the above chart depicts that in every year there was a rise in carbon dioxide up to a certain level whereby it reduces before it began rising again. For instance, in the year 1991, the first five months reported an increase in CO2 concentration. Thereafter, the next four months depict or rather reported a decrease in CO2 concentration. Finally, the last three months of the year showed an increase in the level of CO2 in comparison with the previous four years.Therefore, this rising trend in CO2 concentration is due to factors such as increased use of the fossil provoke across the globe and other agricultural or industrial activities that contribute to the emission of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.Looking at the unemployment dictate chart, there is a downward trend in the rate of unemployment over the years. The vertical axis is the rate of unemployment in every year whereas the horizontal axis is the years from 1991 to 2013. The mean of unemployment rate is reducing from year to year. For instance, the mean in the year 1991 is 7.675, in 1992 is 9.341 and in 1993 is 9.891667.The trend in house prices chart shows an upward trend in house price over the years. The horizontal axis of the

Germany and the germans Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Germany and the germans - experiment ExampleIt would not be untrue if said that religion took its complete toll on him and the rowing of his brio transposed forever after experiencing some personal hardships. Here is actually where the climax in the life story of Martin Luther develops because after experiencing a serious emotional turbulence episode one day as he was returning to Erfurt after visiting home, he actually decided to become a monastic later on and gave up his practice of law studies in favor of other newly developed interests. This change of plans and decisions did not gain him much appreciation from the family and friends circle in the start, but later on things got weaken for him when he got appointed as a priest in the church and then he immersed himself in advanced theological studies (Advameg, Inc). This phase of his life is considered to be very critical by all historians because that was when he began to develop ideas and arguments against the traditional and orthodox Christian beliefs.Martin Luther is a very powerful figure in the recital of Christianity and studying his life and different events related to it holds immense fascination in itself. This is because Luther entered a monastery when he was quite an young and not many people feel any strong bondage with religion when they be that young. Luther, however, is quite distinguished in respect that not only he underwent complete religious translation as a youth but he also decided to give up his law studies in order to become a monk and then later on in life, he went on to study theology. By this time, he began developing many theories and arguments that openly defied the traditionally established Christian rules which gained him much criticism from the Roman Catholic Church. That was a very hard time for Luther because in nastiness of so much antagonism and repulsion, he decided to stay firm on his writings which were already distributed throughout Germany. If on one hand he was considered

Changing social and legal dimensions of race relations in The US from Essay

Changing social and legal dimensions of race relations in The US from 1920-1950 - Essay ExampleThe feature of this essay is to bring about the existing concept in the manipulation of the Africans and other immigrants in America and to focus on the point whether America is completely free of the racial discrimination towards the African community in their place.America is a vast country where immigrants could be seen in every state, this is due to the powerful revision of equality and pressure in education values and educational policies. Through out the world Education has started gaining a total significance and students travel to other non-native countries in order to improve their educational status. The out look of the Government is also in the immediate outgrowth of changing. So it accepts the students from other countries. It is a two way income to their country, in one path the Government earns a lot income from the arrival of foreign students and on the other side establish ment is carried out in their educational departments.While analyzing the condition of the American society between the years 1920-1950 a considerable change could be seen, but still not a complete change is accepted. Meanwhile it is really interesting to fall upon evidences of the situation regarding the race relations in the written works of Authors like Ralph Ellison. The Invisible Man by Ellison reflects the narrator as a key source to carry the message that how he finds himself as an ultraviolet man among the people of America.The list of humiliations, the different way of response, the ignorance with which he had failed to recognize the irony and the treatment of the pureness higher officials towards the black people were all added to the causes of his out come of Invisible Man. The title has a deep significance in it Ellison himself talks in the place of the narrator. It is a collection of his experience in America. It is better to go through the life of Ellison before he b ecame a

Velocity Distribution of a Circular Air Jet Lab Report

swiftness Distribution of a Circular fashion yard - Lab Report Example7.3 Repeat the bit for x=10D7.4 The graphs should be symmetrical ab emerge the centerline. shape for which graph, which value for y is at the center so that by subtraction, it is possible to plot V against wheel spoke r, calculated from the centerline of the jet.8 Analysis8.1 Replot petty(a) versions of the three v, y curves on a plan view, identify and label(i) the edge of the jet(ii) the core, in which the air velocity is v0(iii) the mixing region, where v is less than v08.2 From the plan view measure the divergence locomote of the jet8.3 Plot the centerline velocity distribution8.4 Calculate q0, the volume blend rate sledding the nozzle, in m3s-3. It reasonable to assume that v0 is constant in the nozzle exit plane.8.5 Calculate q10, the volume flow rate at x = 10D. In this case the air velocity is not constant consequently it is necessary to integrate to find the volume flow rate.9. Results of the a ir jet experimentAir Jetv distributionx=1Dpitot position (mm)inchesmm00.87522.225200.8722.098400.87522.225600.87522.225800.8621.8841000.820.321500.6115.4942000.4411.1762500.246.0963000.246.0963500.184.5724000.1453.6834500.112.794Air Jetv distributionx=2Dpitot position (mm)inchesmm000100.012.254150.092.286200.5112.954250.8421.336300.8421.336350.79520.193400.76519.431450.4812.192500.123.048550.051.276000Air Jetv distributionx=10Dpitot position...However, in this experiment the error can be considered as negligibleA fan supplies air to a nozzle, which can provide a circular similar jet of air. The nozzle is 30 mm in diam. The velocity distribution in the jet is measured using a pitot static tube. The Pitot-static tube can be traversed across the jet diameter and excessively across its length by sliding the support against a millimeter scale to record its position. The pitot static tube is connected to an inclined manometer.7.2 Measure the air velocity at points along the horizontal diameter at x=2D. Plot the variation of v with y as you take your readings. Use your perspicacity over how many points you need, ensuring that you locate the endpoints at the edge of the jet7.4 The graphs should be symmetrical about the centerline. Decide for which graph, which value for y is at the center so that by subtraction, it is possible to plot V against radius r, measured from the centerline of the jet.The insistency in the center of the jet is higher at the point of origin. The pressure stabilizes further away to the point of origin to match the surrounding pressure and hence the jet spreads out as it flows in order to reduce its density.

Case study analysis and an action plan Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

analysis and an action plan - Case Study ExampleAn action plan as well as a summary of findings will be provided in order to deliver a comprehensive misgiving of the current scenario of capital of Minnesota and the rememberations as suitable to his condition.As argued by many scholars, including Barker (2012), Mytton & et. al. (2012) and Gomez-Pinilla (2011) among others, unhealthy fast can impose strong negative affects to the health of the consumer causing various diseases such as inception pressure, abnormal sugar levels and heart diseases along with immunity related issues. Diet is an important contributor to take fitness of the system or health throughout ones life. The first and foremost indispensableness of practicing a healthy diet is to have it on time and follow a firm wont for the meals in the entire day. As per the common belief and also based on proven facts, dietarians recommend that a healthy diet map should have adequate proportion of liquids, fats and prot ein to help a physical structure function properly and mitigate chances of health related issues to the highest possible extent. It is in this context that there argon certain possible diet related risks, which might arise due to untimely dietary practices, such as observed in the case of Paul. For instance, Paul was observed to avoid taking breakfasts on time, sufficing except with two cups of tea and that too with a heaped spoon of sugar. Even such practices obstructs proper digestive functions of the body and thereby increases risks of obesity and falling immune system that might also be witnessed in Paul (Geneva, 2003). Notably, with his growing age, Paul is quite certain to undergo immune system deficiency whereby he shall involve special focus on his dietary practices and follow the same in routine gaps.Apparently, the dietary chart taken by Pauls is not good for the development of his health. As can be witnessed from the assessment of his meal plan, Pauls current dietary p ractices show imbalances in the

Cross cultural counseling Essay Example for Free

Cross heathenish counseling EssayThis article focuses on how contrastive stack view flori socialization and it affects their mental attitudes and perceptions to opposite throng. The purpose for conducting this hearing is to get views on what citizenry control by market-gardening, how they think their kitchen-gardening shapes their way of thinking, how p bents cultivate heathenish value in their children, gender and culture and how to lessen divisions that can come up due to differences in culture. Uwe creature Gielen, Jefferson M. Fish, Juris G. (2004) Back scope information of the discourseeesI felt that Dominic was suitable to be interviewed because he come outed to be mature, honest, and most willing to sp are his measure to firmness my questions to the best of his knowledge. He also comes from a incompatible country from ours thus will give us a better view of culture and its preserves since he has mixed with people who are not from his cultural setup. He also has a wide range of experience in terms of culture differences since he has been allowed to live in antithetical countries with his parents and canvass in divers(prenominal) schools which take on students who come from different communities and different social status for example the poor and the rich.Ramya, who is an Indian, is suitable for this interview since her culture and more so the expectation of faith is quite diverse from other religions such as Christianity, Hinduism, Buddhism and Muslim. As a offspring, she is best suit to giving ideas and views on how people from a culture which is so diverse can adapt in other cultures. She also seemed to be very honest and also critical in giving causes to the interview questions. Uwe peter Gielen, Jefferson M. Fish, Juris G. (2004) Aim/Goal Many people are experiencing challenges on how to live in different communities and countries which have different cultures from theirs.As a result, umpteen people fail to por tion out with people who are not from their cultures. In the home setup, parents are frequently being in conflict with their children because of the different value that they create. Religion affects peoples ways of life in such a way that it affects mania relationships where one is not allowed marrying a psyche who is not from his/her religion. My goal for carrying out this interview is to understand how people view culture and cultural changes and how they affect their life in totality.This will go a unyielding way in assisting people from different cultures to understand one another hence live in harmony despite of their cultural differences and also help researchers in the cross cultural counseling to be alert of the issues facing people, their attitudes and how to help them cope better in different cultural settings. Shahe S. Kazarian, David R. Evans (2001). Results and discussion of the interview The interview went on successfully since the people I interviewed were willi ng and warm to devote their time to answer my questions to the best of their knowledge and ability. They seemed to be very free and open.I interviewed two people and these are 1) Dominic from Jamaica 2) Ramya from India In this interview, I asked Dominic and Ramya the following questions 1. Can you tell me your point of view on what culture is? 2. How does your culture impact on your belief systems and life experience? 3. What was considered classic to your parents? 4. What expectation did your parents place on you regarding religion? 5. What was the attitude of being a female/male in your culture? 6. How does your culture shape your experiences in interacting with people in the ? a) office environs, ? b) home milieu ? c) general social environment (e. g. break downies and going out) 7. What are your suggestions for lessen the impact of cultural divide that may occur in Australia? Dominic viewed culture as the Culture is the values, traditions and beliefs that the purchase or der you grew up in instills in you. He believes that the culture you are brought up in is the one which moulds the beliefs that you hold and also determines how a person will behave/react to different environments and situations. His parents, who instilled the values in him hence teaching him culture, were concerned about making him know and appreciate different cultures and hence help him to picture in the society in which he lives.This concern from his parents is clearly seen when he states that they made him live in different countries, go to different schools which have pupils from all social classes for example the poor in Jamaica, be keen on politics and current affairs, see plays and read books from his country and throughout the world. The parents valued tuition as a way of getting joy and satis incidention in knowing and practicing what you know sooner than getting employment. To him, the parents have a very great influence to the way a person believes and the values that he holds close to him.Shahe S. Kazarian, David R. Evans (2001) His parents considered it very crucial to develop strong network of his family and friends. They also taught him to take relegate in activities that lead to the development of the confederation such as being involved in politics, community activities, charity work and education. This is further evidence that parents shape the beliefs and cultural values that their children hold. Dominic in taking part in this interview shows his willingness to participate to contribute to community development a character that he was taught by his parents.However, his parents seem not to have controlled nor guided his decision as pertains to religion. He however asserts that his grandparents had a different view since they wanted him to attend the church in which they were elders. This shows how the cultural values keep on changing as generations come and go. The grandparents hold the belief that their child should go to the church t hey are in slice the parents feel that one has a choice of which religion to follow. This age gap creates a lot of conflicts mingled with the age groups.This issue has to be addressed in order for people to live in harmony. Dominic emphasizes that in his culture, women are the bread winners. They are supposed to start up families and also bring them up. Women in his culture are seen to be involved in activities such as putting up and owning businesses, be intercommunicate and television producers, musicians, scientists and unconstipated teachers. To him, the woman in their culture can work anywhere so dour as she provides food at the table for the family and also raise children. This could be contrary to some other cultures.Dominic does not find problems in his workplace as far as cultural values are concerned since he comes from an English Caribbean island whose cultural values have quite many similarities with those in Australia. This implies that people who dont have some co mmon values to those in Australia are likely to have problems in the workplace. He also confesses that he has never worked in his home country. This could be the reason why he adapts easily to working in Australia since he has no experience of how it feels to work in an environment in whose culture one holds.He however admits to be facing challenges in his home environment since he married someone whose culture is different from his. This problem extends to the children who also seem to be retention different values from those held by their father. This demonstrates how culture can go to bringing conflicts to people in the analogous family. As a result, people need to be educated on how to avoid or cut across such conflicts when they arise. Joseph G. Ponterotto (2001). Cultural values also differ in social places and occasions.According to Dominic, social places in Australia dont do similar things to what is done in Jamaica. To him, social occasions such as parties should be domi nated by music, dancing and food. Drinking is not necessary in such parties, and even if someone wants to drink, then it should be done later. This is contrary to the Australian social occasions where people go purposefully to drink. In Jamaica, the major activities to take place are song and dance. Joseph G. Ponterotto (2001). He finally says that people need to be tolerant of all cultures and appreciate people despite their differences.People should be discriminated apparently because they come from different cultures. In fact, people should try to understand other peoples cultures since they may find something good in them that they may like to learn and live by. Shahe S. Kazarian, David R. Evans (2001) Ramya begins to define the term culture by emphasizing that it is so important to the Indian people. She defines it as the way of people that has been followed for a presbyopic time. Thus, she feels that culture is acquired from the time someone is born to the end of that person s life.She views culture as a means through ones characters are molded. She believes that culture makes ones life to be successful and happy. She believes that culture influences most of her decisions and that people are not supposed to compromise their cultures. She also argues that culture defines how to adapt to different environments and hence is flexible to changes which are necessary after questioning and comparing the cultures. Ramya believes that what is important to our parents may not be important to us since we are of a different generation.She goes ahead and gives examples of things which utilise to be of priority to our parents but no largeer are to us. These include culture, family, respect, unity and love towards the family. On religion, Ramya feels that this is one of the greatest points of conflict. She views the Indian religion as much more complicated than the other religions such as Christianity, Islam and Buddhism. Her concern is more on what is within a given religion. According to her, this has affected many relationships especially in situations where parents limit their children on who to play with and who to marry.Being asked to marry a certain person because he /she is from your religion or not marrying someone you love because he/she is from a different religion is what she considers critical point for the young people. This issue needs to be addressed since it is dividing people on sacred lines, hence on cultural lines. Joseph G. Ponterotto (2001) In the Indian culture, women used to be considered inferior and men superior to them. Men were allowed to get better education while women were supposed to do household chores such as cooking and getting married off at a very tender age.However, this has changed as generations came up and women are being viewed as being equal to men. This shows how cultural values are changing with time hence requiring that peoples attitudes towards cultures different from theirs should also change. R aymas culture on this issue of gender is different from that of Dominic since in Dominics culture the woman is the bread winner. Shahe S. Kazarian, David R. Evans (2001) At the workplace, Rayma feels that culture determines how you relate to people. It gives guidelines on what to say, and what to do.It helps one cope with challenges at work. It enables understand other people and integrate them even when we dont hold the kindred cultural values. That loyalty and sincerity come from learning our cultures. At home, culture is our everyday life. Home is the ground where one learns and implements his culture. People get to understand why they hold certain values hence learn to appreciate and adore them. In the social environment, culture reflects who a person is. It gives one an identity. It also gives a person an opportunity to learn other cultures and let others know the persons culture.As a result, people get to learn, understand and appreciate each others culture. Rita Sommerrs-fla nagan (2002). Finally, Rayma feels that cultural divide exclusively occurs when people are narrow minded and not ready to be flexible. People should be ready and willing to accept and appreciate other peoples cultures even when some of the values seem to conflict. Rita Sommerrs-flanagan (2002) Conclusion Information obtained from the interview shows that differences in geographical location of places where we live, gender and religion are among factors that result to cultural differences.Culture in its real sense is the set of values that guide and dictate a societys way of life in order to live in harmony and unity. The fact that we hold different cultural values should not be a reason to cause divisions among us. We should everlastingly learn to accommodate everyone despite of their cultural values and hoe different they are from ours. This document has shown that then we are different but we can enjoy staying together as one so long as we appreciate each other. Counselors shou ld look for ways of making their clients learn how to cope in different environments with different people who hold different cultural values.The people should also be made aware of the importance of learning to accommodate each other. Paul Pedersen (2002) References 1. Paul Pedersen (2002) Counseling across cultures. 2. Rita Sommerrs-flanagan (2002) clinical interviewing. 3. Uwe peter Gielen, Jefferson M. Fish, Juris G. (2004) handbook 5. Joseph G. Ponterotto (2001) handbook of multicultural counseling 6. Ray Woolfe, Windy Dryden, Sheelagh Strawbridge (2003) handbook of counseling 7. Shahe S. Kazarian, David R. Evans (2001) handbook of cultural health psychology

Long-Lasting Hostility Among Indians Towards British Rule Essay Example for Free

Long-Lasting Hostility Among Indians Towards British Rule EssayHow further roughly do Sources 10, 11 and 12 betoken that the Amritsar butcher created widespread and persistent hostility among Indians towards British control?Sources 10, 11 and 12 signify that the Amritsar Massacre, the incident in which British troops under the order of global Dyer fired at a crowd of Indian protesters on the 13th April 1919, did create widespread and long-lived hostility among Indians towards the British. Creating the British political relation to be portrayed as repressive and irresponsible. However, the alternative attitude presented by the sources is that Indians were non hostile towards the British, but they were in fact appreciative of their help and did not feel that they were repressive. The fancy of which the Amritsar Massacre did create widespread and long-lasting hostility amongst Indians towards British rule is presented in Source 11. The imperium throw off one over beco me dishonest and unscrupulous, with no regard to the wishes of the Indian people. This article was written by Gandhi in 1920, which is shortly after the Amritsar Massacre, and the reliableness of it is not that high as it is published in his own newspaper. Although it is unflustered useful as Gandhi was a highly influential figure and supported by the masses so what he said would be key. Using healthy words such as dishonest and unscrupulous, suggests strong feelings of hostility towards British rule.Also Gandhi feels as though the British are almost cheating the Indian people, meaning that the British are doing what they want without consulting the people they are ruling over. This source shows that the hostility matt-up by Indians was in fact widespread as it is written by Gandhi, a man who delineate and was supported by the masses within India. This source does suggest that the Amritsar Massacre did create widespread and long-lasting hostility among Indians towards British rule .This theme of hostility towards British is also shown within Source 10, Irresponsible government rights of human beings are denied to us. This extract is from a speech made by Motilal Nehru at the meeting of sexual intercourse a few days after the Massacre occurred. The usefulness of this is not as high as source 11 as we cannot be sure if the hostility was long-lasting as it is the same course of instruction as the Massacre itself. Although the reliability is still high Nehru was addressing the whole of Congress meaning he could not lie and also as it a few days after the Amritsar Massacre would increase the reliability as it will show the true feelings of Nehru.This extract shows that the Indians once again felt that the British were doing as they pleased without Indian voices being heard, which is also shown in source 11. However, as this source is written by Motilal Nehru, leader of the Indian National Congress, it is difficult to say from this source that hostility was in fa ct widespread as Nehru only represents the Indian National Congress which has the high caste community as a significant absolute majority. Although this source does not show that the Amritsar Massacre created widespread and long-lasting hostility among Indians, however it does suggest that it was leading to this point.However, the alternative view shown within source 12 is that Indians were not hostile towards the British, but they were in fact appreciative of their help and did not feel that they were repressive. Without British protection we would not be altogether oppressed by their majority. This extract was from a Muslim shoe merchant, Hafiz Hussain, investigating Hindu-Muslim riots during the civil disobedience conjure in 1931. This extract is useful and also reliable as it is from a common Muslim who would have no reason to lie and would give an overview and insight into the situation.As Hafiz Hussain is talking about the pressure the Hindus put the Muslims under to close their shops as a mark of respect for an executed terrorist, he is glad that the British are protecting them as they would have no choice in closing their shops as the majority would oppress them into doing so. This shows that this hostility towards the British was not caused by the Amritsar Massacre but that of the execution of a terrorist. This suggests that the Amritsar Massacre was not the only reason widespread and long-lasting hostility among Indians towards British rule was created, it shows that other factors came into play.The view that the Amritsar Massacre created widespread and long-lasting hostility among Indians towards the British is shown mainly within source 11, as it is the most useful and reliable source, but also source 10 as well.Although source 12 does suggest that there were other factors leading towards the hostility among Indians towards the British its provenance is not as great as those of sources 10 and 11 combined. As source 10 is the most useful and reli able at demonstrate the widespread and long-lasting hostility among Indians due to the Amritsar Massacre it outweigh the points given by source 12. Suggesting that that the Indian people did have widespread and long-lasting hostility towards British rule because of the Massacre.

The Controversy Of Genetic Testing Essay Example for Free

The Contr everyplacesy Of Genetic Testing Es regulariseThe write out of genic engineering and testing has become one of the most contentious issues in our contemporary society. The debate is battled over by credentialed scientists on both sides and the likelihood is very high that it forget continue. Most of the pro patrimonial testing advocates claim that since it is a technological and scientific process, communicable testing governmental regulation and rating should be purely based on objective and scientific criteria.Genetic testing opponents argue that on that point should be more science (or rather further development) especi exclusivelyy on environmental and human studies in order to have such a purely perceived scientific evaluation of genetical testing. The contradiction brought about by such pure scientific assessment of genetic testing is the fact that it ignores the wide-ranging and differentiated religious, cultural, and ethical dimensions of different ind ividuals that must be considered (Coates, Mahaffies, Hines, 1997, 13).Thus, genetic testing is not an isolated technology but rather one that employs a wide range of methods that volition eventually gauge the absence, action mechanism or presence of defective genes in cells. Its costs ranges from as less than $50 for simpler screenings like reaping hook cell anemia blood screens to the $10,000s bracket for more complicated screens such as the pre-implantation genetic investigation for diseases like the Tay Sachs.Many individuals tend to prefer genetic testing when it happens that their families have shown most symptoms, which, given up an early diagnosis, muckle substantially be improved. They may also consider it if they wish to pass on some desired genetic traits to their progeny.It goes without saying that the potential that genetic testing has for humankind in all societies is quite paramount. The most significant is the fact that genetic testing has a capability of lengt hening and upward(a) the quality of human life. When used and administered in the most appropriate ethical standards, genetic testing will/can eventually eliminate many unforeseen distresses and suffering. However, a number of issues including discrimination, social engineering, consent, equity, and privacy sit down as potential hindrances that have been confronted by many people so far. There have been some somebodyal family and legal conflicts which have arisen as a result of individual and/immediate relatives testing (Coates, Mahaffie, Hines, 1997, 17).Considering the issue of privacy for example, there has been many doubts whether insurance firms and potential employers for example, should access a persons genetic records. There have been proposals that only genetic researchers should in their attempt to come up with more undimmed technologies that will ensure improvement and longevity of human life. This possibility of other unauthorized individuals or groups macrocosm info rmed of such genetic statuses is viewed by many as an incriminating genetic privacy deficiency.Moreover, genes are shared among parents and siblings, and as such, many wonder if there is a moral obligation for a person to disclose the information to people who could be potentially affected. Other issues that have brought additional controversy related to genetic testing include possible offensive discrimination of those found with defective genetic composition. This in the first place happens in insurance related processes among others such as foster parenting or adoption. (Coates, Mahaffie, Hines, 1997, 22)Equality in availability of genetic testing to all is yet another worrying factor. Some people have notion that the rich might well be able to alienate themselves from all forms of genetically oriented complications because they can relatively afford the staggering costs as compared to the less fortunate. This has however, been addressed by appropriate regulatory measures tha t ensure there is no unnecessary skyrocketing of genetic testing costs.In conclusion, Id say that no matter what the magnitude of opposition towards the issues revolving genetic testing, it is fundamental to appreciate one fact that the bed line of all the debates will always depend heavily on the eminent advantages that this scientific advancement has brought to humanity. All we are required to do now is to streamline a few bends and we will soon be one army against a common enemy, ignorance of the benefits awaiting mankind after perfecting the methods and procedures involved.Most of these controversial issues can comfortably be prevented if we all make concerted efforts to understand the legal and social policies, field and state legislation as well as the health care reforms that will prevent disappoint about genetic testing. The gifts to be achieved by treating devastating inherited diseases out rightly outweigh the societal risks involved.Work citedCoates Joseph, Mahaffie Jo hn Hines Andy. The Promise of Genetics. The Futurist, Vol.31, September, 1997, pp. 13, 17, 22

Strategy Innovation Essay Example for Free

Strategy Innovation studyStrategy instauration is the capacity to re-conceive the existing industry model in manners that create mod value for customers, wrong-foot competitors, and produce new wealth for all stakeholders. (Hamel, 1998) This quote is used by Schoenberg to highlight the splendour he places on schema innovation, and the primary(prenominal) two drivers of strategic innovation he cites industry factors and household factors.However, although there is wide ranging agreement with this view, there are also several dissenting voices amongst the academic community, who much view early(a) factors, and drivers, as being more important to the success of a firm. One find area where factors outside the firm and industry have a great impact is in the companionable and environmental pressures facing business, which m any companies have become increasingly aware of over the past decade. legion(predicate) management scholars and consultants have argued that these n ew demands offer terrific opportunities for progressive organizations, and innovation is superstar of the primary performer by which companies hindquarters achieve sustainable growth. (Johnson et al, 2005) This argument is backed up by the view that companies that rebuff these pressures do so at their own peril, but the reality is that managers have had considerable difficulty dealing with sustainable development pressures.In particular, their innovation strategies are often inadequate to accommodate the highly multifactorial and uncertain nature of these new demands crossways the economy and social spectrum as a whole, partly due to an excessive boil down on the firm or industry (Hall and Vredenburg, 2003) Indeed, a strategy that integrates the goals of innovation and sustainable development is needed to ensure sustainable competitive advantage, rather than conventional, securities industry-driven innovations approaches.Sustainable development innovation (SDI) (Hall and V redenburg, 2003) is in fact driven by science that has yet to be accepted fully by the scientific, semipolitical and managerial communities, and the industry sector Amid such uncertainty, sustainable development innovation is often difficult and risky, thus far when faced with increasing pressure to consider sustainable development, many organizations have revised their business models and innovation strategies, and these changes are often highlighted in bodily sustainability reports and Web pages. Hall and Vredenburg, 2003) Hart el al (2003) looked at the most fundamental part of the strategy innovation process new product development (NPD).They looked at criteria such product queerness, market potential, market chance, technical feasibility, and intuition, and found that these decreased as the NPD process unfolded. boilers suit they found that the success rate of NPD usage could be modelled by a model which held true across firms of different sizes, holding different market s hare scenes, with different NPD drivers, following different innovation strategies, and develop different types of new products. Hart et al, 2003) This is yet another indication that there must be other factors at work besides the basic industry and firm drivers. Another viewpoint on the unfastened of innovation is that the very essence of a company is its values and priorities what it considers important, and where its investments are made? Thus, a server of values and priorities, and combinations thereof, underlie business strategies. (Grant, 2005) Some firms have a cost-driven culture that supports a value position in the market place, whilst others place priority on delivering a prestige customer experience.Aaker (2004) claims that innovation, quality, and customer tie in are the three values and priorities worth highlighting because they are so frequently seen as drivers of corporate brands, however, the question must forever be has the firm provided customer benefits by being innovative? A reputation for innovation enhances credibility, however, it is not easy achieving an innovative reputation, and firms are often better advised to focus on providing quality and value. Aaker, 2004) Schoenbergs arguments are also heavily based on the concepts of strategic office (Porter, 1980) and the resource based view (Barney, 1996), although he does not make overt references to these theories.However, the influence of previous strategy writers is clear throughout his piece value gap analysis is equally relevant to the Who question of strategy and to market positionings based on differentiation. (Schoenberg, 2003) helps to place his work in context with that of Porters (1980) Also, The intimation for those that seek innovative strategies is does the proposed form of strategy innovation fit with your core competences? shows that he is developing Barneys resource based core competencies, within the context of innovation strategies, in order to ensure that his c oncepts lie relevant to organisations.Indeed, Schoenberg clearly states in his conclusion that he believes strategy innovation does not represent a radical departure from onventional approaches to strategy formulation (Schoenberg, 2003) and that it is merely a method for combining the two main strategy theories, which have often previously been viewed as being contradictory. Indeed, Johnston Jr. and Bate (2003) outline quintuple phases to help firms innovate staging, aligning, exploring, creating, mapping, however they warn that it is important to make sure that managers build into their organizations the capability to ceaselessly innovate so that they become more resilient, and better prepared for future changes.Finally, to be truly considered strategy innovations, new products and initiatives that alter a firms business model must first turn a reproducible profit, a fundamental necessity of both Porters (1980) and Barneys (1996) models. Strategy innovation has always been abou t solving problems for customers in ways that they, not the sponsoring company, perceive to be superior or unique from their present way of addressing those problems. Strategy innovation can be incremental, involving minor changes to the firms business model, resources and capabilities.Or it can be a radical departure, as when a firm decides to make a positioning shift, and market its existing products and services to new customer groups. (Johnson et al, 2005) In conclusion, strategy innovations can occur in any part of an organisation customer service, marketing, advertising, selling, production or distribution. However, whatever their source, successful strategy innovations have one thing in common They result from discovering new ways to create value for customers, as metric by bottom-line results to the sponsoring company. Tucker, 2001)New innovations present themselves when companies and their leaders imagine opportunities to do more with their products and services than they have in the past, whether through acquiring or reallocating resources, or altering competitive positioning. Strategy innovation may be spurred by a desire to grow, but this desire should never be allowed to overshadow what the proposed new way of doing business will do for the customers, either existing or future, and the firm as a whole.

The Use of Scientific Games in Teaching Science Essay Example for Free

The Use of Scientific Games in T for each oneing information EssayThe arna of lore is essential. apprehension is the guide of the world around us. Everything around us concerns experience. Without it, it is impossible to get into medicine, engineering, architecture and other palm requiring technical expertise. Every sector makes an increasing contribution of the discipline to the progress of the modern world as swell up as its traditional standing as an element of humanistic and scientific gentility. Its importance as the key subject is common knowledge. Science has been recognized as a patent means of sharpening our warring edge. Thus, ticking holds a dominating place in the curriculum.As mandated in the Philippine Constitution, it is the duty of the indoctrinates to modernize scientific and technology efficiency among the pupils and the students. Thus, it is necessary to evolve a strong light program in only levels. So, the teaching of learning should be eff ectively earned out so as to contact the National Development Goals. Science is a multifaceted subject, limitless in extent and depth, vital for science and technology, and rich in the cultural import. It offers a lot of challenges to an individual. In school, however, some students find the subject moderate and difficult. More so, science in general, is even considered by many as uninteresting or thudding subject if non difficult or not applicable into their daily lives.The surgical operation of the pupils dep curiositys largely on quality of the teaching competencies of their teacher. A competent teacher learns to build effective festering situation and to adopt teaching orders/strategies to guarantee maximum retention and application of the earning that are achieved. According to Wikipedia, strategy refers to all techniques by which the teachers structure the learning environment so that the students are led to discover what they are supposed to discover. Teachers mappi ng a wide variety of techniques to elicit information from the students. In view of this, the teacher mustiness run into effective strategies that would suit to the interest, abilities and needs of the students. The researcher believes that the pluckys could be an effective strategy in teaching science in main(a) schools.Statement of the Problem The study aims to find out the effectiveness of using games in teaching selected topics in Science to Grade VI pupils of Matanao cardinal Elementary train for the incoming School Year 2012-2013. Moreover, it grabks to answer the following research questions 1.) Is in that location a significant variance on the pre-test get ahead of the visualize classify and the experimental group? 2.) Is there a significant fight on the post-test win of the control group and the experimental group? 3.) Is there a difference between the pre-test and post-test tons of pupils in both control and experimental group? HypothesesNull Hypothesis 1.) thither is no significant difference on the pre-test hemorrhoid of the control group and the experimental group. 2.) There is no significant difference on the post-test scores of the control group and the experimental group. 3.) There is no significant difference between the pre-test and post-test scores of pupils in both control and experimental group. Alternative Hypothesis1.) There is a significant difference on the pre-test scores of the control group and the experimental group. 2.) There is a significant difference on the post-test scores of the control group and the experimental group. 3.) There is a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test scores of pupils in both control and experimental group.Significance of the Study This study would like to assistance elementary grade pupils to develop better understanding of the abstract concepts and ideas in science as they prepare for high(prenominal) learning in science. The findings of this study whitethorn likewis e motivate and challenge science teachers in their goal to attention majority of the grade VI pupils who experience learning block in science originally due to less effective in teaching science concepts, with the use of various learning strategies, students may develop a deeper understanding of the concepts and process to science that leave alone consequently lead to higher achievement. eventually for educators, the effectual and relevant information acquired from this study may provide insights on how they can promote higher academic achievement using effective strategy in teaching abstract concepts and ideas in science. Moreover, this study would like to help them achieve their long sought goal of development of effective understanding of the science processes and concepts.Limitations of the Study This research will be limited and will be conducted only at Matanao Central Elementary School for the incoming School Year 2012-2013. The respondents of the study will be the Grade VI pilot class. The instrument which is going to be utilise will be an achievement test which will serve both as a pre-test and a post-test. This will be used to classify the pupils writ of execution and learning outcomes. Different scientific games will be used to motivate and arouse the interests and attention of each pupil. The class will be divided into two groups, namely, the control group and the experimental group. The experimental group will be subjected to scientific games used as motivation in teaching science, while the control group will be exposed to the traditional method.Broadly speaking, the social scientific approach has touch on itself with the question of What do games do to students?. Using tools and methods such as surveys and controlled laboratory experiments, researchers nonplus investigated both the convinced(p) and negative impact that using games in teaching could have on students learning. Among the possible effects of game play, perhaps the one mos t commonly raised by media and general public has to do with personnel in games.What are the possible effects that playing videogames, in particular those that feature rapacious or violent elements might have on children and youth? Social learning theory (Bandura,1986) suggests that playing aggressive videogames would stimulate aggressive behaviour in players in particular because the player is an active participant (as unlike to passive observer as the case of aggression in film and television). On the other hand, purgation theory ( Feshback and Singer, 1971) implies that playing aggressive videogames would have the opposite effect by channelling latent aggression resulting in incontrovertible effects on players. Numerous reviews of existing literature have been written and there is not a clear picture of the effects of playing violent videogames might have (Griffiths, 1999 Sherry, 2001). As for positive effects, educators and learning scientists sed as motivation have also de bated how to leverage the motivation students had for playing games as well as exploring the medium of videogames for educational and pedagogical purposes.Malone explored the intrinsically motivating qualities that games have and how they might be useful in designing educational games (Malone, 1980 Malone 1981) while Kafai utilized the design of games by schoolchildren as the context for them to learn computer programming concepts and maths (Kafai, 1995 Kafai 1996). Similarly, Squire has explored the use of commercial games as means for engaging disenfranchise students in school (Squire,2005). In addition to their motivational factors, Gee and Shaffer have argued that certain qualities present in the medium of videogames provide valuable opportunities for learning (Gee, 2003 Shaffer, 2006). In her book, Life on the Screen, Sherry Turkle explored how people that participated in online multiplayer games such as MUDs used their experiences with the game to explore personal issues of identity (Turkle, 1995).In her book Play mingled with Worlds, T.L. Taylor recounts her experiences playing the massively multiplayer online game Everquest. In doing so, she seek to understand the nuanced border relationship that exists between MMOG players and the worlds they abide (Taylor, 2006). Swiss educator Johannes Heinrich Pestalozzi (1746-1827) agree with the view that a school should be adapted in an zephyr of general permissive where physical experience, play activities and nature study walk should be part of the learning experiences against the dullness deadening memorization and recitation.German educator and philosopher, Friedrich Froebel (1782-1852) also a naturalist, believes that the teacher must mother an active instructor instead a taskmaster and hearer of active recitations. He introduced the school for early childishness education, the kindergarten or child garden that emphasized games, play, songs and crafts. He urged teachers to look back of their childhoo d days that could help them understand the needs of the child. Other significant studies that relate the games to improved achievement is in the hand of biology (Bleitan, 1989) and in Genetics concepts (Garcia, 1993).Nueva Espana et al (1990) stated that our country depends on Science and Technology. A great come of its problem can be solved by developing its greatest resource people. Our people must develop skills in Science and Technology. Sufficiency in scientific and technological expertise is a feature of speech of countries that have become progressive and rich no matter how small they are. Our country still has a long, long way to become self-sustaining. Knowledge of Science and the efficient use of its principle can help a lot toward making our society self-sufficient in turn making us master of our own science and technology and not servants of society. (Philippine Graphics, May 19, 1997 p.8). Senator Ernesto Maceda made alarming news just roughly the results of our st udents performance in mathematics and science competence in the elementary, high school and even college levels that the Philippines is in the bottom of the inning ranked 37 out of 39 countries in Asia. He said that we have to respond to the virtue which tells us with greater sense of urgency to help our students in several dimensions of the educational process develop our teachers, lengthening schoolroom work, improving classroom facilities, reviewing the textbooks now in use and supplementing the resources available in our school libraries.Allan C. Ornstein (Strategies for Effective Teaching, New York Harper-Collins publishers 1990 p.213) said that to understand why and how to use instructional objectives result should be obtained in more effective teaching and testing. The use of instructional objectives helps the teachers focus on what students know at the end of the lesson. Likewise, it helps students know what is expected of them. On the international scene, a number of ed ucational research work outs have investigated science teachers classroom practices. One of the established projects is the large scale National The Survey of science and Mathematics Education, conducted in the USA over a number of years to gauge the status of science and mathematics education in the USA.Reports from these studies written by Weiss (1987, 1988, 1994), Weiss, Banilower, McMahon, Kelly Smith (2001) and Weiss, Pasley, Smith, Banilower Heck (2003) have attempted to answer the following questions using info from questionnaires distributed to stratified random samples of teachers from all states in the USA 1) How well prepared re science and mathematics teachers in terms of both content and pedagogy? 2) What are teachers trying to accomplish in their science and mathematics instruction, and what activities do they use to meet these objectives? 3) To what extent do teachers support reform notions embodied in the National Research Councils National Education Standards a nd the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics Principles and Standards for School Mathematics ? And 4) What are the barriers to effective and equitable science and mathematics education?It is worth noting that no classroom observations were conducted in these studies and all data sources were based on teachers self-reports. Analysis of the trends between 1993 and 2000 in the above studies showed that science teachers classroom practices have seen some changes. These changes include the reduction in the amount of time spent on reading about science during class and doing textbook/worksheet problems. Approximately 50% of teachers at all grade levels inform in 2000 that their students completed textbook/worksheet problems in the most recent lesson, representing a small decrease from 1993.Moreover, while there was some increase in the use of hands-on activities at the Grade 1-4 level (from 41% to 50% of classes), the percentage of classes in which hands-on and laboratory activitie s took place have remained stable and amounted to approximately two thirds of the classes. There does not seem to be a change in the percentage of classes in which computers were used teachers describe that 10% or fewer science lessons included students using computers in 1993 and 2000.However, many more teachers reported using other instructional technologies such as CD-ROMs in 2000 than in 1993. Another international project that has investigated science and mathematics teachers classroom practices in science and mathematics is the TIMSS 1999 video study, the science result of which were released in 2006 ( Roth, Druker, Garnier, Lemmens, Chen,Kawanaka, Okamoto, Rasmussen, Trubacova, Warvi, Gonzales, Stigler, Gallimore,2006). This study examined patterns of science and mathematics teaching practices in 439 videotapes of eighth grade science lessons in 5 countries Australia, the Czech Republic, Japan, the Netherlands, and the United States. Results of the study showed that there were variations across the five countries in the organization of science lessons, development of science content for students, and student involvement in doing science.For example, the study results showed that students in Czech Republic were undeniable to master challenging and theoretical science content and that classes were mostly focused on talking about science in whole class settings. In Japan, the focus was on presenting science in conceptually coherent ways while stressing the identification of patterns, making connections among ideas, and the interplay between evidence and ideas in an inquiry-oriented approach to teaching. Australian students were mostly involved in making connections between ideas, evidence, and real-life situations using inquiry approaches to teaching similar to those used in Japan. Students in the Netherlands were held accountable for independent learning of science content with violence on cooking and independent seatwork. Finally, in the United Sta tes, students experienced variety in instructional approaches, organizational structures, content, and activities with less emphasis on developing coherent science ideas and content.The focus of the activities was on engaging and motivating students rather than on developing challenging content knowledge. As evident from the above, there is important research on classroom practices being conducted worldwide research that has the potential to provide useful recommendations for improving science teaching and learning. In the Philippines, a related study on the use of games as learning in mathematics was conducted by Aragon (1991). She discovered the greater attention of students to the lesson and there is interest where enhanced. She also found the strategy as a very effective motivational learning material that makes recreational and learning objectives easily attainable.Letting the study of grade V, Aragon agreed that the games are useful in assisting the learning process by providi ng opportunity to see familiar materials in new setting that makes them excellent motivation tools in acquiring new skills that breaks the classroom routine in a pleasant way, making uninterested students become a part of the drag in permanent learning. Aragon also found that games enables students to appreciate the value of sportsmanship, fair play, how to follow rules, team work, cooperation, assess for authorities and selflessness, sharing of skills for the success of the group. Salandahan G.G. (1985), The Teaching of Science, Quezon City Phoenix Publishing House. Many science educators recognize the positive outcomes of inquiry teaching despite the limited experimental evidence as to its effectiveness in leading children to acquire a deeper understanding of science knowledge, encouraging children to learn by such a method insures the attainment of one of the most significant outcomes of science developing a scientific thinker as well as desirable social values. Cognitive Deve lopment and Achievement in Science Through handed-down and Inquiry Approaches Of Teaching General Chemistry by Rosalinda T. Agton (1991). Most of the students in forthwiths colleges and universities have to be exposed to a method of teaching which is best described as exposition, or the formal, or the commonly called traditional method in which the teacher tells the students what they are expected to know.The confidence is made by curriculum planners that if the student are to learn the concepts from the content, they have to rely on printed materials. Traditional procedures in the classroom are those that used to present in a logical sequence, facts, principle, and data requisite thoroughly to expose the students to concepts. The other various classroom procedures that could be used in the traditional method are oral explanation sessions, demonstrations, motion picture and film strips, textbooks, supervised studies or boardworks.

Comparison of Theoretical Orientation Essay Example for Free

Comparison of conjecture-based Orientation EssayComparison of Theoretical Orientation The two theories that I am choosing to compare and contrast in the situation given, is Sigmund Freuds psychoanalytic possibleness and William Glassers reality theory. William Glasser, M. D. , is the developer of Reality Therapy and Choice Therapy. Glasser developed a cause and effect theory that apologizes human behavior. He focuses on personal choice, personal responsibility and personal transformation. William Glasser has an approach on his theory that is very nontraditional.He does not believe that somebody can have a mental infirmity unless there is something organically wrong with the brain. He also believes that if somebody is considered to have a mental affection it essentials to be confirmed by a pathologist. William Glasser also believes that genetically we are social creatures and need each other. That may very well be the cause of almost all psychological symptoms which is our inability to get along with the important and meaningful people in our lives. Sigmund Freud developed a theory to explain psychoanalytic and psychotherapist and much of his work comes from self-analysis.Sigmund Freuds work suggests that early experiences in ones life can habitus and develop the way we behave as adults. Freud identified five stages within the first five long time of life and he believes that our behavior patterns consist of three main elements which are the ID-this is the basic instincts present at birth, also known as the pleasure principle. The Ego-realistic acts within the mind and reality, this is also considered that the fence principal. The Super-Ego-this is the sense of conscious, our employment and responsibility, this is also known as the moral principle.Freud believed that when conflicts arose between these three parts it was those experiences from birth and early puerility that had the most impact on us as we became adults. Even though Freud never studied children and its join to say some people have doubt about his theories, Freud developed his theories based on clinical experience with his patients and they were usually all women. Knowing that Freuds work was based on an assumption that personality is make and behavior is motivated by powerful inner forces can make it easy for one to misunderstand or misinterpret Freuds theory.

The Value of Digital Privacy in and Information Technology Age Essay Example for Free

The Value of Digital Privacy in and Information engineering Age Essay1. List and describe at least three (3) technologies that every last(predicate)ow an separate to investigate citizens orphic breeding. A technology that allows an individual to research individual(a) entropy is the Global Positioning trunk (GPS). This is a navigation and precise-positioning tool (Glasscoe, 1998) developed in the early seventys by the segment of Defense. Although GPS was originally designed for the military, its applications have extended into the public sector to provide researchers the specific location of an individual (Glasscoe, 1998). A malicious technology that undersurface be apply to research an individuals private data is spyw be. In general, it is software that can be loaded on an internet ready device, much(prenominal)(prenominal) as a computer or smartphone, with the sole purpose of gathering and transmitting ones private data to a nonher person. Spyware is designed to b e difficult to remove, and the collection and transmission of instruction can be completed without the individuals consent (Microsoft, 2012).In contrast to spyware, social networking assistances are freely provided with and individuals private data. Social networking services are web based platforms construct to facilitate communication mingled with internet users. When creating an account users disclose private information about their social contacts and interests by including friends, business associates, and companies in their networks (The etiolate House, 2012). Services such as Facebook, the largest social network service (Halbert Ingulli, 2012) can gather enormous amounts of private data that is associated with an individual including written updates, photos, videos, and location information (The discolour House, 2012). 2. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of public entranceway to this information, both for the researchers and those who are being investigated. person-to-person data is valuable and companies put across up to $2 billion a year to collect that information (SENGUPTA, 2012).Retailers use the data to manoeuvre advertising to consumers based on their geographic location, person-to-person demographics, or interests. Annually personal data is used to generate as much as $145 billion in online sales (The light House, 2012). Personal information is often shared freely in a mutually beneficial relationship between an individual and researchers. Those who are being investigated whitethorn sign up for online services which deliver them free content, such as music or games. Consumers are paying for the service by agreeing to receive targeted ads (Microsoft) from researchers. Security failures involving personal data can cause harm (The White House, 2012) to both the researcher, and those being researched. If a researchers data is breached resulting in the release of private data the organizations reputation could be tarnished. Sub sequently on that point would be financial impacts to the researcher as consumers and business partners sever their relationships.On the other hand, those being researched may be discriminated against due to misleading information or fall victim to potentially life-disrupting identity element stealing (The White House, 2012). 3. Determine what measures citizens can take to protect private information or information they do not want to be disclosed. First and foremost, citizens should carefully read all disclosures, including the license agreement and hiding statement (Microsoft, 2012) prior to downloading any software, shareware, or freeware to their computer or smartphone. Secondly, they should properly protect themselves utilizing updated anti-virus software and firewalls on their electronic devices.Finally, citizens should be familiar with loneliness-enhancing technologies such as Do Not Track which enables individuals to exercise nearly control over how third parties use p ersonal data or whether they receive it at all (The White House, 2012). 4. Discuss a federal official virtue that lets the federal government the legal serious to influence private information on U.S. citizens available to the public, and whether or not you agree with this law. Any person has the right field to request access to virtually every federally held record. Enacted in 1966, The Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) is federal law which provides public access to all federal agency records except for those records that are protected from disclosure. gild exemptions and three exclusions to the FOIA prohibit the release of information in relation, but not limited to information involving matters of personal privacy (U.S. Department of Justice, 2009). In the wake of Watergate Congress enacted the Privacy Act of 1974 to protect citizens private data in the face of growing concerns of illegal surveillance and investigation of individuals by federal agencies (The privacy act , 2010).This federal law restricts disclosure of government held records which personally identify individuals, and increases an individuals right to obtain and amend government held records kept on themselves. The Privacy Act also establishes a encipher of fair information practices which requires agencies to comply with statutory norms for collection, maintenance, and dissemination of records (The privacy act , 2010). As Americans we have forever and a day cherished our privacyand we have the right to be let alone (The White House, 2012). Much to a greater extent than the right to solitude, Americans have the right to freely participate in commerce without the costly threat of identity theft. We should be empowered with the freedom to seek employment or heath care without discrimination.Federal laws should grant citizens peace of mind that our personal information it protected, and we have a choice regarding when and what portions of our personal information made available to the public. 5. Determine whether there are electronic privacy laws that can prevent others from having access to private information as well as how effective they are. Laws protecting electronic privacy admit the 1968 Federal Wiretap Law, as amended by the Electronic Communications Privacy Act 1986 (ECPA), which constrain it illegal to intercept, disclose, or access messages without authorization (Halbert Ingulli, 2012).As with the FOIA there are exemptions to the ECPA which eliminate protection from communications that are readily accessible to the general public (Halbert Ingulli, 2012) and current federal law may not protect all of an individuals private data. As of 2012, forty-seven States have Security appall Notification (SBN) laws. These laws vary from state to state, however they promote the protection of sensitive personal data (The White House, 2012) which is not currently protect by federal law. In February of 2012, the Obama Administration presented the Consumer Privacy step of Rights to Congress. This Bill of Rights attempts to establish a much needed national baseline to protect citizens private information and acts as a blueprint for privacy in the information age (The White House, 2012).ReferencesGlasscoe, M. (1998, August 13). What is gps?. Retrieved from http//scign.jpl.nasa.gov/ watch over/gps1.htm Halber, T. Ingulli, E. (2012). Privacy and Technology. In Law Ethics in the Business Enviorment (7th ed.). Mason, OH South-Western Cengage Learning. Mao, C.(2012, March 28). Columbia business law review. Retrieved from http//cblr.columbia.edu/archives/12047 Microsoft. (2012). Microsoft. Retrieved from http//www.microsoft.com/security/pc-security/spyware-whatis.aspx SENGUPTA, S. (2012, February 04). Should personal data be personal?. Retrieved from http//www.nytimes.com/2012/02/05/sunday-review/europe-moves-to-protect-online-privacy.html?pagewanted=all_r=0 The privacy act . (2010). Retrieved from http//www.justice.gov/opcl/1974privacyact.pdf The White House. (2012, February 23). Consumer data privacy in a networked worlda framework for protecting privacy and promoting intromission in the global digital economy. Retrieved from http//www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/privacy-final.pdf U.S. Department of Justice. (2009, November). Your rights to federal records. Retrieved from http//publications.usa.gov/epublications/foia/foia.htm

Common Stereotypes in Society Essay Example for Free

Common Stereotypes in Society EssayAs a society, we tend to classify. Whether our presumption is right or damage, some crude stereotypes are still authentic as truth no matter how much evidence there is proving another point of view. Three common stereotypes I see are those that involve abused women, gloomys and their love of deep- heat chicken and the ability of sometime(a) people learning foreign languages. M any of these stereotypes are reinforced by stopping points and what is commonly seen within their culture. These stereotypes disregard comport a long lasting effect on the people that are judged by the stereotype and a long lasting effect on the perception of those people. When most people think some an abused woman, many another(prenominal) see the woman with a black eye not realizing that abuse is more(prenominal) than personal. Verbal and mental abuse are as well used to control the victim. In many cases, physical abuse is the latter and verbal and mental abuse is the first type introduced. Although there are many shelters and agencies avail up to(p) to abused women, many believe that these women are too afraid to leave the relationship and are blamed for any further abuse they suffer because they didnt leave or c each(prenominal) the police. On the contrary, more than 77 percent of them had self-reported to the police. (Barrett, B. , Nov 2011).In the cases when the women contain fryren, many think that they stay because they do not have the means to provide for their family if they leave the home. Based on a handbook by the Santa Clara Probation department, victims of national violence leave their abuser seven times on average before they are able to stay on their own (Prophet, T. , 2006). Many of the abused women are presumed as weak and people in general, do not want to assist a weak person because they will more than likely go back to the situation they were just helped out of.There are many shelters available that the fund ing needed is scarce due to the previous mentioned fear. The second common stereotype is that all Black people like fried chicken. I was taught in school that any statement that expresses that all of anything is unimpeachably a false statement. This stereotype was started a long time ago, and is probably associated with situations related to slaveholding. The most limpid explanation derives from the historical fact that fried chicken dishes were popular in slave homes on southerly plantations.In many cases, chickens were the only livestock animals that slaves were permitted to raise on their own (Bering, J. (2011). This just proves that the reason fried chicken is associated with African Americans is not because they wonder the food so much but it was the only pickaxe they had when it came to what was availbe to them. The other reason there is such a negative connotation associated with fried chicken is because the slavery era itself was not a good time for African Americans (Be ring, J. 2011).As an unhealthy and inexpensive food, fried chicken invokes images of poverty, ignorance, sloth, and other racist associations (Bering, J. 2011). Not only is the mention of fried chicken and African Americans considered negative, it has in any case been viewed as racist. Advertisers seem to gear their commercials towards the African American community when advertising for fried chicken. Mary J. Blige sure a lot of flack for being in a Burger King commercial advertising their juvenile Crispy Strips Tortilla Wraps. The commercial was eventually pulled from rotation due to the backlash received.Other high profile individuals have also been targeted by the chicken industry, including President Obama. Although its no secret that these people do enjoy fried chicken, associating these people with the food generated a negative or racial tone. There is nothing wrong with these people liking fried chicken, as there are many other racial groups that also enjoy this cuisine. T he third common stereotype would be the idea that older crowings will have a harder time learning foreign languages when compared to younger children.One of the reasons for this stereotype can be attributed to the older adult and the teacher, they have doubts approximately their ability to learn a foreign language. Although most people have accepted the generalization of learning as the younger the better (Schleppegrell, M. , 1987), this is not the case when it comes to learning language. There have been studies that have determined that aging does not decline a persons learning ability. The panache older adults learn a new skill is the only adjustments that need to be made. These studies also fork over that older adults learn at a more rapid rate than children (Krashen, Long, and Scarcella, 1979).There are dickens reasons why being a poor language learner is attributed to adults, and those are a theory of the foreland and how it matures, and classroom practices that discrimin ate against the older learner (Schleppegrell, M. , 1987). The critical period hypothesis that was put forth in the 1960s was based on then-current theories of brain development, and argued that the brain lost cerebral plasticity after puberty, fashioning second language acquisition more difficult as an adult than as a child (Lenneberg, 1967). Due to advances in the study of neurology, it has been determined that adults have superior language learning capabilities.These studies and facts should dispel any accepted stereotypes related to older adults and their ability to learn foreign languages. One thing that is common amongst all of these stereotypes is that the victim has accepted these stereotypes to be true and doesnt challenge any of the information that would affirm or deny such claims. This could also be the first step into getting some of these stereotypes removed from our culture so that people are able to benefit positively and not have to worry about any negative impacts from doing activities that are natural.